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Gaspar Frutuoso (c.1522; Ponta Delgada – c.1591; Ribeira Grande) was a Portuguese priest, historian and humanist from the island of São Miguel, in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. His major contribution to Portuguese history was his detailed descriptions of the history and geography of the Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands and references to Cape Verde, which he published in his six-part tome ''Saudades da Terra'', as well as ''Saudades do Céu''. He is normally cited in settlement history of the islands of the Azores. ==Biography== Gaspar Frutuoso was born in 1522,〔Rodrigo Rodrigues (1991), p.109〕〔José Luís Brandão da Luz (1996), p. 475〕 on the island of São Miguel, son of Frutuoso Dias, a merchant and rural property-owner, and his wife Isabel Fernandes. Little is known of his childhood, apart from references to him working his father's lands during this period. The first trustworthy record about Frutuoso was his admission to the University of Salamanca (in 1548) where he later obtained an Arts certification.〔 At the age of 31 (in 1554), he was ordained during a visit to São Miguel;〔 his records from 1554 to 1955 show him registered as ''presbitero bachiller''. He continued his studies in Salamanca under the noted theologian Domingo de Soto, the royal confessor of King Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (and Charles I of Spain) and envoy to the Council of Trent, where he obtained a theology baccalaureate.〔 During his time in Salamanca he became friends with Father Miguel Torres, a member of the Society of Jesus, which would later serve him as he was promoting charitable activities in the Azores. He briefly returned to the Azores between 1558 and 1560, where he became parish priest in Santa Cruz, in the municipality of Lagoa (records written by him during this period date his time in the parish). In 1560, he decided to return to Salamanca in order to complete a Doctorate in Theology, but began working with Bishop Julião de Alva in Bragança, where he remained until 1563. It is unclear when, and from where, he attained his Doctorate, but he began to use this title from 1565, also when his name began appearing on the University of Évora's registry (an institution of the Society of Jesus), after 1569.〔José Luís Brandão da Luz, 1996, p. 476〕 By decree, 20 May 1565, he was nominated to be the vicar and orator at the parochial Church of ''Nossa Senhora da Estrela'' (''Our Lady of the Star''), in the municipality of Ribeira Grande, a position he held for the next 26 years (until his death). During this time, he was dedicated to the parish, as well as charitable works he contributed towards on and off-island, but still had time writing his 16 manuscripts that included ''Saudades da Terra'', and ''Saudades do Ceu''.〔 Ever mindful of the politics of the time, during the period of the Philippine Dynasty, he was: :''"...generally benevolent, and at the same time cautious and prudent...always respecting the established order, he always spoke of Phillip II with reverence owed to his royal majesty and mindful of his right to the throne, never letting himself fall into diatribes or acerbic references nor acrimony against contrary factions."''〔M.O. Carvalho (O Açoreano, Vol.3 No.10), pp. 4〕 In 1566, during the French assault on Funchal, he collected funds and wheat for the people of Madeira. He died on 24 August 1591 and was buried in the Church of Nossa Senhora da Estrela, in Ribeira Grande. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gaspar Frutuoso」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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